Sunday, October 17, 2010

Medical considerations for the intelligent design of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

In the three previous posts (see part 1, part 2 and part 3), we saw that the arguments for intelligent design (ID) criticism based recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a "flawed design" fail for various reasons. Include:

  • (1) There is evidence against the evolutionary constraints which would prevent the loss of the RLN.Cela indirect route involves a certain beneficial functions for the indirect route.
  • (2) The path of the RLN allows to give off the coast of filaments in the heart, mucous membranes and muscles of the trachea as well as the way of the larynx.
  • (3) There is a double-innervation of the larynx of nickel and RLN and indeed SLN innervates the larynx directly from the brain. Direct innervation of the larynx via the larynx NLS top shows the laryngeal noninnervated actually follows the design very requested by critics as Jerry Coyne and Richard Dawkins.Diverses ID conditions encountered when the NLS or RLN are damaged point to special functions for every nerve, indicating that the RLN has a specific function of laryngeal when everything works correctly.This segregation may be necessary to achieve this function and redundancy seems to maintain a level of functionality if a nerve gets endommagé.Cette double-innervation appears as sound design principle.
To add another reason, pro - ID Professor of neurosurgery Michael Egnor suggested that the RLN may have a medical service which gives the body a warning that he is sick and needs to cure an internal infection or disease originating in the chest area. Mr. Egnor I offered some insightful comments on the function of the design track RLN from his post as a physician and Professor of Medicine:

There is actually an advantage for recurrent, nerves nerves during design if you want to continue this line of argumentation .the leads him through the mediastinum, meet the heart and lungs. There are several lymph there and the enlargement of the lymph nodes in processes such as cancer or infection (e.g. tuberculosis) often irritated by these nerves and causes the hoarseness or coughing.To disease from reveals nerves in a hidden any (deep in the chest) body part by interfering with a process (speech) is easily évident.Il serves as a harbinger for medical care (or infectious diseases such as a warning to others that this person is sick), and this alert has saved many lives more that redundant nerves during lives. The risk/benefit ratio should be considered complete prior to a claim that the nerves is biologically disadvantageous.

While it is impossible to enter the mind of the designer and there is much that we don't always understand development, it is equally clear that the RLN trail can serve a variety of functions.We have solid proof positive for several of the RLN functions.Indeed, Michael Egnor wrote an elegant explanation of why it is evolutionists who are basing their arguments on our ignorance, not facts, the biology of development:

Course ID advocates have never alleged design parfait.Mais the argument that the recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy is evidence for "bad design" manages not to many niveaux.La descent of recurrent nerves as the aortic arch and the subclavian artery is the result of movement of components of the aortic arch and patterns of coalescence during embryogenesis.It seems that proximity to different layers and structures in the embryo are used to guide embryogenesis (it is called induction).Details of this process are only beginning be understood and broadcast that the relationship between recurrent nerve and aortic arch is evidence of poor design argument fails to take into account the enormous complexity of development embryonnaire.Il is analogous to a 3 years unmounting a computer and saying that it was designed poorly because some of the reasons for circuit were "curved" instead of right.The wisdom of recurrent nerve Anatomy design can only be judged by someone who knows all the design specifications needed in this area of the body humain.Même best embryologists are preschool children when it comes to that.

Conclusion
Obviously, the RLN performs many jobs, not a "function for" seul.Son is much more than simply innervating the larynx and the larynx is indeed innervated directly, exactly as ID-critics say that it should be.

All this it would seem to satisfy that Smith Kelly called the evidence of a "global" function, which admits Smith is "an instance of the local imperfection" (i.e. the indirect route of the RLN) more acceptable in an argument for the design ("Intelligent Design creationism and its critics, p. 725") .the ' argument against intelligent design of the RLN collapsed.

If something is clear here is that we don't know enough to assume that the RLN is "[o] of worst designs of nature" (of Coyne words), but we know enough to see that it is certainly not "a very bad design for its intended purpose" (Smith words).

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